Dados do Trabalho

Título

MODULATING NEUROTOXIC EFFECTS IN PARKINSON'S DISEASE: THE ROLE OF COFFEE EXTRACTS IN NEUROENDOCRINE CELL PROTECTION

Introdução

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition expected to increase due to longer life expectancy and environmental factors like infections, toxins, diet, and gut microbiota. This underscores the need for new prevention and treatment methods focusing on the gut-brain axis. Studies suggest an inverse link between coffee consumption and PD. Gut neuroendocrine cells respond to microbes and food, express PD-related markers, synapse with enteric neurons, and transmit signals to the central nervous system. However, the effects of coffee types and PD-related neurotoxins on these cells remain unknown. This study investigated the in vitro effects of fermented (F) and unfermented roasted coffee extracts in a PD context.

Material e Métodos

Roasted Coffea arabica samples, "Catuaí Amarelo (A)," "Catuaí Vermelho (V)," and a fermented blend (B), were extracted by hot extraction (100ºC/60min) or ethanolic extraction (70% ethanol at rt/120min) with a 10g coffee to 50mL solvent ratio. The extracts were then filtered, rotary-evaporated, and freeze-dried. Variables evaluated included antioxidant potential (AP), reducing capacity (RC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), and cytotoxicity of extracts alone or with neurotoxins rotenone [20µM] or 6-OHDA [80µM] on the neuroendocrine cell line STC-1 for 24h by the MTT method. Data were analyzed using ANOVA with subsequent T-test or Tukey test.

Resultados e Discussão

The AP ranged from 32.14-40.45μmol/g for HA and EB, respectively. The RC ranged from 5.65-19.66 mg EAG/g for EB and EV, respectively. The MBC for hot extracts was 500mg/mL against S. aureus and E. coli, 250mg/mL for L. monocytogenes, S. Typhimurium, P. mirabilis, and K. pneumoniae, and 125mg/mL for P. aeruginosa. Ethanolic extracts needed over 500mg/mL for S. aureus and less than 250mg/mL for other microorganisms. STC-1 cells treated with 8-1000μg/mL of all extracts had equal or greater viability than the untreated control, except HA and HAF, which reduced viability by 50% at the highest concentration. Cell viability loss from neurotoxins was reversed by treating with 1000μg/mL of EB and EVF for rotenone, EB for 6-OHDA, or 500μg/mL of HA and HAF for both neurotoxins.

Conclusão

In conclusion, the coffee extracts showed strong antioxidant, reductive, and bactericidal effects, effectively reversing the loss of cell viability in neuroendocrine cells challenged by PD-related neurotoxins.