Dados do Trabalho

Título

RISK-BASED APPROACH FOR IDENTIFICATION OF IMPORTANT ANTIMICROBIALS FOR HUMAN HEALTH USED IN PIG FARMING IN BRAZIL

Introdução

The One Health approach recognize the inseparability between human, animal, and environmental health, reinforcing an integrated vision that covers the entire food production chain. The use of antimicrobials in animal production is of great concern due to their potential toxicity and contribution to antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Debates have been taking place worldwide, especially when we refer to animals raised in confinement systems that use antimicrobials on a large scale, such as pigs. The control of residues in foods available for consumption fall under the responsibility of the Anvisa and INCQS, as the reference official laboratory of the National Network of Health Surveillance Laboratories. In order to identify, among the antimicrobials classified by the WHO as important for the development of policies to combat AMR, those most relevant to be included in a residue monitoring program in pork – the third most consumed meat in Brazil – the objective of the present study was to develop a risk classification method for ranking antimicrobials.

Material e Métodos

The established method used scores for the severity and probability of the hazard. The severity of the hazard was scored using the AMR criticality classification used by the WHO, the veterinary importance for swine according to the OIE list and the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) established by Anvisa. The probability of hazard was scored taking into account the number of antimicrobials-based veterinary products registered in Brazil for use in pigs, data on the use of antimicrobials added to feed, the evaluation and occurrence of residues found in the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock’s National Residue Control Plan (2020 to 2023). Data were collected through bibliographic research on official websites, legislation, and scientific articles.

Resultados e Discussão

The method showed that the five most relevant antimicrobials to be monitored in pork are enrofloxacin, doxycycline, norfloxacin, amoxicillin and florfenicol, classified by the WHO as highest priority critically important and highly important antimicrobials.

Conclusão

The described risk classification system showed to be a fundamental tool to support, based on well-defined criteria, the selection of antimicrobials that should be prioritized for the evaluation of residues in pork.