Dados do Trabalho

Título

INFLUENCE OF ULTRASONIC AMPLITUDE AND TIME ON BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS EXTRACTION FROM SEEDS OF Passiflora caerulea L. USING DIFFERENT SOLVENTS

Introdução

Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of total phenolic compounds (TPCs) from fruit by-products is a promising approach, especially when combined with natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES), making the process environmentally sustainable and broadening its applications in new products. This study investigated the influence of ultrasonic amplitude and time on phenolic compounds extraction from Passiflora caerulea L. seeds using NADES.

Keywords: phenolic compounds; green extraction; by-products; optimization.

Material e Métodos

To do this, a 1:30 solvent:seed ratio, previously dried at 45° for 24 hours, was homogenized with different solvents: hydroalcoholic solution (60%) (E1), distilled water (E2) and NADES (0.6% choline chloride: 0.1% fructose: 0.3% water) (E3). The extracts were subjected to ultrasound (40 KHz, 200W) at 45 °C. The time and amplitude conditions used resulted in 6 experiments for each solvent (E1, E2 and E3) according to a 22 factorial design. The time ranged from 10 minutes (-1) to 60 minutes (+1), while the amplitude ranged from 20% (-1) to 99% (+1), with a replicate at the center point (35 minutes and 59.9% amplitude). The TPC results (Folin-Ciocalteu method) of the extracts were used as the response variable.

Resultados e Discussão

The maximum TPC values observed for the extracts were: E1 13.14 ± 1.37 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) g-1 at 60 min and 20% amplitude; E2 11.36 ± 0.32 mg GAE g-1 at 10 min and 99% amplitude, and E3 92.75 ± 0.11 GAE g-1 at 60 min and 59.9% amplitude. It was observed that the extraction time was significant on the TPC for all extracts, being negative for extract E2. On the other hand, the amplitude was significantly negative for extract E3 and not significant for E1. It was observed that the parameter extraction time and ultrasonic amplitude influenced the TPC content in the extracts obtained with the different extracts, and the highest TPC values of the orange passion fruit seed were obtained using the NADES solvent (E3).

Conclusão

These results offer insights for future research and practical applications of green techniques in the valorization of native fruits and their by-products.